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Answers


Flu

  1. Sample “aa” has the fewest reads with 5830 reads that represent 10.7% of all assigned reads.

  2. The negative control passes with 0.00% reads mapping to flu.

  3. The most common reason that segments fail quality control is because they do not have more than 90% of the reference segment covered.

    Failure reason Sample:(Segments)
    Less than 90% of reference covered aa:(PB2,PB1,PA); bb:(PB2,PB1,PA); cc:(PB1)
    Median coverage < 50x aa:(PB2,PB1,PA);bb:(PB2)
    Premature stop codon aa:(NS); bb:(PB1)
  4. Barcode ID Subtype
    barcode31 aa H1N1
    barcode38 bb H1N2
    barcode41 cc H3N2
    barcode44 NTC-1
  5. X means this is an ambiguous amino acid. That means this is either a mixed-base position in the codon leading to multiple amino acids, or as in this case, the base call is missing and marked as an “N” in the consensus sequence. These positions are called as “N” because they do not meet the minimum 50x coverage needed to get a base call that we are confident in. Because >90% of the reference is sequenced, this data is still considered useful and can be uploaded into GISAID/NCBI. The dip in sequencing coverage between HA position 518-715 is likely due to defective interfering particles (DIPs) in this sample. This is commonly seen in influenza viruses that are overgrown in tissue culture. When the segment is amplified, the truncated segments are preferentially amplified so you end up with a coverage diagram showing increased coverage at both or either end of the segment as compared to the center regions.

  6. Sites with minor variants >= 20% will be called as the IUPAC mixed bases.

  7. H1N1 and H3N2

  8. A/Wisconsin/588/2019

13..

  1. There is a frameshift beginning at position 1087.

  2. 23

  3. swine Clicking on “Distance tree of results” will show you a phylogenetic tree with the top hits and the query sequence.

SC2

Barcode ID WHO-clade Nextclade-pango-clade
barcode02 NTC-1
barcode05 aa A.1
barcode11 bb recombinant XD
barcode19 cc Delta AY.4
barcode22 dd Omicron XBB.1.5